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  <id>https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/browse?tags=lamination&amp;output=atom</id>
  <title><![CDATA[1A Collections]]></title>
  <subtitle><![CDATA[Rocks, minerals and fossils collections for Part 1A students]]></subtitle>
  <author>
    <name><![CDATA[Department of Earth Sciences]]></name>
  </author>
  <updated>2024-04-09T21:16:18+01:00</updated>
  <generator>Omeka</generator>
  <link rel="self" href="https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/browse?tags=lamination&amp;output=atom"/>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/show/28</id>
    <title><![CDATA[<h2><strong>L341<br /></strong></h2>
<h2>Mudstone, calcareous</h2>]]></title>
    <summary><![CDATA[<div class="element">
<h3>Hand Specimen</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Very dark grey to black mudstone.<span> </span><br />Faint, fine-scale laminations visible on cut surface.<span> </span><br />Not<span> </span><a href="https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/show/196">fissile</a><span> </span>- does not readily split along bedding planes.<br />Contains fossils and fossil imprints.<span> </span><br />Some glinting flakes of mica.<span> </span><br />This rock fizzes gently with acid, indicating that it contains some carbonate.<span> </span><br />Weathered to light brown-grey in places.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Thin-section</h3>
<div class="element-text">Laminations are very clear when the thin-section is held up to the light. They are mainly planar, but some wrap around lighter regions in the rock.<br /><br />Under the microscope, the rock is brown, with fine dark brown streaks, laminated.<br />Mainly carbonate, some white mica, rare quartz.<br />Bioclasts, mainly along bedding surfaces, probably gastropods and bivalves. Some of the shells have been dissolved. The spaces left have been filled by secondary calcite.<br />Sparry carbonate cement.</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock History</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Fine-grained, so formed in a very low energy environment.<span> </span><br />Shells are too large to have been swept in by such low energy currents, so the shells are in life position.<span> </span><br />If the shells are indeed gastropods and bivalves the rock could be marine or non-marine. The presence of brachiopods<span> </span><em>would</em><span> </span>indicate a marine environment.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock Name</h3>
<div class="element-text">calcareous mudstone</div>
</div>]]></summary>
    <updated>2019-07-04T10:50:41+01:00</updated>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/show/28"/>
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    <category term="lamination"/>
    <category term="low energy"/>
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<div class="element-set">
            <div id="dublin-core-title" class="element">
        <h3>Title</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><h2><strong>L341<br /></strong></h2>
<h2>Mudstone, calcareous</h2></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
        <div id="dublin-core-subject" class="element">
        <h3>Subject</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><h3>Age</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Lower Carboniferous</p>
<h3>Location</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Millstone Grit Series<br />Bowland, West Yorkshire</p>
</div>
</div></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
        <div id="dublin-core-description" class="element">
        <h3>Description</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><div class="element">
<h3>Hand Specimen</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Very dark grey to black mudstone.<span> </span><br />Faint, fine-scale laminations visible on cut surface.<span> </span><br />Not<span> </span><a href="https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/show/196">fissile</a><span> </span>- does not readily split along bedding planes.<br />Contains fossils and fossil imprints.<span> </span><br />Some glinting flakes of mica.<span> </span><br />This rock fizzes gently with acid, indicating that it contains some carbonate.<span> </span><br />Weathered to light brown-grey in places.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Thin-section</h3>
<div class="element-text">Laminations are very clear when the thin-section is held up to the light. They are mainly planar, but some wrap around lighter regions in the rock.<br /><br />Under the microscope, the rock is brown, with fine dark brown streaks, laminated.<br />Mainly carbonate, some white mica, rare quartz.<br />Bioclasts, mainly along bedding surfaces, probably gastropods and bivalves. Some of the shells have been dissolved. The spaces left have been filled by secondary calcite.<br />Sparry carbonate cement.</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock History</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Fine-grained, so formed in a very low energy environment.<span> </span><br />Shells are too large to have been swept in by such low energy currents, so the shells are in life position.<span> </span><br />If the shells are indeed gastropods and bivalves the rock could be marine or non-marine. The presence of brachiopods<span> </span><em>would</em><span> </span>indicate a marine environment.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock Name</h3>
<div class="element-text">calcareous mudstone</div>
</div></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
    </div><!-- end element-set -->
]]></content>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <id>https://wserv3.esc.cam.ac.uk/p1acollections/items/show/25</id>
    <title><![CDATA[<h2><strong>L326<br /></strong></h2>
<h2>Sandstone, ferruginous arenite</h2>]]></title>
    <summary><![CDATA[<div class="element">
<div class="element">
<h3>Hand Specimen</h3>
<div class="element-text">Reddish brown rock. Medium sand grade.<br />Round to sub-round grains of quartz, often with a thin rim of red hematite. Mainly reddish and pink-brown grains, fewer white grains and very few black grains. Well sorted and well cemented.<br />No fizzing with acid, so does not contain significant carbonate.<span> </span><br /><br />Laminations can be observed in sample L326b. There is an inter-layering of coarser and finer laminae.</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Thin-section</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Fine laminations can be seen when the thin-section is held up to the light.<span> </span><br />Moderately well rounded quartz grains with thin rims of hematite, and overgrowths of quartz in optical continuity with the original grain.<span> </span><br />Occasional grains of very fine quartzite, microcline, plagioclase, mica and decomposed fine-grained igneous rocks.<span> </span><br />Siliceous cement and the secondary quartz<span> </span><a href="/p1acollections/items/show/232">overgrowths</a><span> </span>hold this rock together.</p>
<p>The grains are finer as a whole in L326b, and less well rounded.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock History</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Probably deposited in an<span> </span><a href="/p1acollections/items/show/167">aeolian</a><span> </span>environment, since it almost entirely comprises well sorted and well rounded quartz grains.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock Name</h3>
<div class="element-text">ferruginous sandstone<br />ferruginous arenite</div>
</div>
</div>]]></summary>
    <updated>2019-07-04T09:52:08+01:00</updated>
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    <category term="aeolian"/>
    <category term="lamination"/>
    <category term="sorting"/>
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<div class="element-set">
            <div id="dublin-core-title" class="element">
        <h3>Title</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><h2><strong>L326<br /></strong></h2>
<h2>Sandstone, ferruginous arenite</h2></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
        <div id="dublin-core-subject" class="element">
        <h3>Subject</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><h3>Specimen Age</h3>
<div class="element-text">Permian<br /><h3>Location</h3>
<div class="element-text">Penrith Sandstone<br />Appleby, Westmorland</div>
</div></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
        <div id="dublin-core-description" class="element">
        <h3>Description</h3>
                    <div class="element-text"><div class="element">
<div class="element">
<h3>Hand Specimen</h3>
<div class="element-text">Reddish brown rock. Medium sand grade.<br />Round to sub-round grains of quartz, often with a thin rim of red hematite. Mainly reddish and pink-brown grains, fewer white grains and very few black grains. Well sorted and well cemented.<br />No fizzing with acid, so does not contain significant carbonate.<span> </span><br /><br />Laminations can be observed in sample L326b. There is an inter-layering of coarser and finer laminae.</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Thin-section</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Fine laminations can be seen when the thin-section is held up to the light.<span> </span><br />Moderately well rounded quartz grains with thin rims of hematite, and overgrowths of quartz in optical continuity with the original grain.<span> </span><br />Occasional grains of very fine quartzite, microcline, plagioclase, mica and decomposed fine-grained igneous rocks.<span> </span><br />Siliceous cement and the secondary quartz<span> </span><a href="/p1acollections/items/show/232">overgrowths</a><span> </span>hold this rock together.</p>
<p>The grains are finer as a whole in L326b, and less well rounded.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock History</h3>
<div class="element-text">
<p>Probably deposited in an<span> </span><a href="/p1acollections/items/show/167">aeolian</a><span> </span>environment, since it almost entirely comprises well sorted and well rounded quartz grains.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element"></div>
<div class="element">
<h3>Rock Name</h3>
<div class="element-text">ferruginous sandstone<br />ferruginous arenite</div>
</div>
</div></div>
            </div><!-- end element -->
    </div><!-- end element-set -->
]]></content>
  </entry>
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